What's New in Go 1.17 and How to Download It on Ubuntu
How to Download Go 1.17 on Ubuntu
Go is an open-source programming language that is designed for building simple, reliable, and efficient software. It has features such as concurrency, garbage collection, and a robust standard library. Go is widely used for web development, cloud computing, and system programming.
Ubuntu is a popular Linux-based operating system that is free, secure, and easy to use. It has a large community of users and developers, and a rich ecosystem of software and tools. Ubuntu is one of the most compatible operating systems for running Go applications.
download go 1.17 ubuntu
In this article, you will learn how to download and install Go 1.17 on your Ubuntu system. You will also learn how to set up the Go environment variables and write a simple \"Hello, world\" program in Go.
Prerequisites
Before you start installing Go on Ubuntu, you need to have the following:
An Ubuntu system with version 18.04 or higher
An internet connection
A user account with sudo access
Downloading the Go Binary Archive
The first step is to download the latest Go binary archive from the official website. You can use the wget command to download it from the terminal. The current version of Go is 1.17.7, but you can check the download page for any updates.
Open a terminal window and run the following command:
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wget [12](https://dl.google.com/go/go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz)
This will download a file named go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz in your current directory. You can verify the file size and checksum using the ls and sha256sum commands:
ls -lh go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz sha256sum go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
The output should look something like this:
-rw-rw-r-- 1 user user 129M Feb 14 22:22 go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz e0f9c8c4f9b6b0a4f5c5b8e0a6a3f5b6e9e8c3f9f0c0b6a4f5c5b8e0a6a3f5b6 go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
Extracting and Installing Go
The next step is to extract the Go binary archive and install it to a desired location on your system. For this tutorial, we will install it under /usr/local directory, which is a common place for installing software that is not managed by the package manager.
To extract and install Go, run the following command:
sudo tar -xvf go1.17.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
This will create a directory named go under /usr/local, which contains all the files and directories of the Go installation. You can verify the installation by listing the contents of /usr/local/go:
ls /usr/local/go
The output should look something like this:
AUTHORS CONTRIBUTING.md PATENTS VERSION CONTRIBUTORS LICENSE README.md api bin doc src favicon.ico lib misc test pkg
Setting Up the Go Environment Variables
After installing Go, you need to set up some environment variables to tell your system where to find the Go executable and libraries, and where to store your Go projects. The main environment variables for Go are:
GOROOT: This is the location of the Go installation. By default, it is /usr/local/go, but you can change it if you installed Go somewhere else.
GOPATH: This is the location of your Go workspace, where you store your Go projects. You can choose any directory for your workspace, such as /go or /home/user/go.
PATH: This is the system variable that tells your system where to look for executable files. You need to add the Go bin directory to your PATH, so that you can run go commands from anywhere.
To set up these environment variables, you can use the export command in your terminal. For example, if you want to use /go as your workspace, you can run the following commands:
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go export GOPATH=/go export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin
These commands will only set the environment variables for the current session. If you want to make them permanent, you need to add them to your /.bashrc file, which is a script that runs every time you open a new terminal. To do that, you can use a text editor such as nano or vim to edit the file and append the export commands at the end of it. For example, using nano, you can run:
nano /.bashrc
This will open the file in nano. Then, scroll down to the end of the file and add the export commands. Save and exit by pressing Ctrl+O and Ctrl+X. To apply the changes, you need to source the file or open a new terminal. To source the file, run:
source /.bashrc
Verifying the Go Installation
To verify that Go is installed correctly and that the environment variables are set up properly, you can use some go commands to check the version and configuration of Go. To check the version of Go, run:
go version
The output should show the version of Go that you installed, such as:
go version go1.17.7 linux/amd64
To check the configuration of Go, run:
go env
The output should show the values of the environment variables and other settings for Go, such as:
GO111MODULE="" GOARCH="amd64" GOBIN="" GOCACHE="/home/user/.cache/go-build" GOENV="/home/user/.config/go/env" GOEXE="" GOEXPERIMENT="" GOFLAGS="" GOHOSTARCH="amd64" GOHOSTOS="linux" GOINSECURE="" GOMODCACHE="/home/user/go/pkg/mod" GONOPROXY="" GONOSUMDB="" GOOS="linux" GOPATH="/home/user/go" GOPRIVATE="" GOPROXY="https://proxy.golang.org,direct" GOROOT="/usr/local/go" GOSUMDB="sum.golang.org" GOTMPDIR="" GOTOOLDIR="/usr/local/go/pkg/tool/linux_amd64" GOVCS="" GOVERSION="go1.17.7" GCCGO="gccgo" AR="ar" CC="gcc" CXX="g++" CGO_ENABLED="1" GOMOD="/dev/null" CGO_CFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_CPPFLAGS="" CGO_CXXFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_FFLAGS="-g -O2" CGO_LDFLAGS="-g -O2" PKG_CONFIG="pkg-config" GOGCCFLAGS="-fPIC -m64 -pthread -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=/tmp/go-build043434343=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches"
Getting Started with Go Programming
Now that you have installed and configured Go on your Ubuntu system, you are ready to start writing some code in Go. In this section, we will show you how to write a simple "Hello, world" program in Go and run it.
A Go program consists of one or more files with the .go extension, which contain the source code of the program. A Go file starts with a package declaration, which defines the name of the package that the file belongs to. The main package is the default package for executable programs, and it must contain a main function, which is the entry point of the program.
To write a "Hello, world" program in Go, create a file named hello.go in your workspace directory, and use a text editor to write the following code:
package main import "fmt" func main() fmt.Println("Hello, world")
This program imports the fmt package, which provides formatted input and output functions, and uses the Println function to print "Hello, world" to the standard output.
To run the program, you can use the go run command, which compiles and executes the Go file. In your terminal, navigate to the directory where you created hello.go, and run:
go run hello.go
The output should show the message "Hello, world".
Conclusion
In this article, you learned how to download and install Go 1.17 on your Ubuntu system. You also learned how to set up the Go environment variables and write a simple "Hello, world" program in Go. You are now ready to explore more features and applications of Go programming.
If you want to learn more about Go, you can check out the following resources:
The official Go website, which contains documentation, tutorials, and news about Go.
The official Go blog, which features articles and insights from the Go team and community.
The official Go playground, which allows you to write and run Go code online.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about installing Go on Ubuntu:
How do I update Go to a newer version?
To update Go to a newer version, you need to download the latest Go binary archive from the official website and extract it to the same location where you installed Go previously. For example, if you installed Go under /usr/local/go, you can run:
wget [11](https://dl.google.com/go/go1.17.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz) sudo tar -xvf go1.17.8.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
This will overwrite the existing Go installation with the newer version. You can verify the update by running go version.
How do I uninstall Go from Ubuntu?
To uninstall Go from Ubuntu, you need to remove the Go directory and the environment variables that you set up for Go. For example, if you installed Go under /usr/local/go and used /go as your workspace, you can run:
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/go rm -rf /go
Then, you need to edit your /.bashrc file and remove the export commands that you added for GOROOT, GOPATH, and PATH. Save and exit the file, and source it or open a new terminal to apply the changes.
How do I install Go packages from external sources?
To install Go packages from external sources, such as GitHub or Bitbucket, you can use the go get command, which downloads and installs the packages to your workspace directory. For example, to install the gorilla/mux package from GitHub, which is a popular HTTP router for Go, you can run:
go get [10](https://github.com/gorilla/mux)
This will download and install the package under /go/src/github.com/gorilla/mux. You can then import and use the package in your Go programs by adding:
import "[9](https://github.com/gorilla/mux)"
How do I format and lint my Go code?
To format and lint your Go code, you can use the go fmt and go vet commands, which are built-in tools that come with the Go installation. The go fmt command applies a standard formatting style to your code, such as indentation, spacing, and alignment. The go vet command checks your code for common errors, such as syntax, types, and variables. For example, to format and lint the hello.go file that you created earlier, you can run:
go fmt hello.go go vet hello.go
These commands will modify the file in place and print any errors or warnings to the standard output.
How do I compile and distribute my Go programs?
To compile and distribute your Go programs, you can use the go build command, which creates an executable file from your Go source code. The executable file can run on any system that has the same operating system and architecture as the system where you built it. For example, to build the hello.go file that you created earlier, you can run:
go build hello.go
This will create a file named hello in your current directory, which is the executable file of your program. You can run it by typing ./hello in your terminal. You can also rename or move the file to any location you want.
If you want to cross-compile your Go program for a different operating system or architecture, you can use the GOOS and GOARCH environment variables to specify the target platform. For example, to build an executable file for Windows 64-bit, you can run:
GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build hello.go
This will create a file named hello.exe in your current directory, which is the executable file of your program for Windows 64-bit. You can then copy or transfer the file to a Windows system and run it there.